This best-of summarizes Bob Dylan’s inexhaustible years between 1973–’89. There are hits, such as the soulful, gospel-charged “Gotta Serve Somebody,” and the stunningly lyrical and wool-sweater warm “Tangled Up in Blue,” as well as clever choices like gospel-rocker “The Groom’s Still Waiting at the Altar,” and “Silvio,” a glossy R&B popper written with Grateful Dead lyricist Robert Hunter. View credits, reviews, tracks and shop for the Vinyl release of Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Volume II on Discogs.

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. ^ Cox, William, Lovell Bixby and William Root, 'Handbook of American Prisons and Reformatories,' Vol. 1, NY: The Osborne Assoc., 1933. Accessed December 23, 2013. ^ White, K., East Jersey State Prison Celebrates 100 Years, 1996, available from East Jersey State Prison. ^ East Jersey State Prison: Brief History, March 1995, available from East Jersey State Prison.

^ Garret, Paul and Austin MacCormick, 'Handbook of American Prison and Reformatories,' NY: National Society of Penal Information, Inc., 1929. ^ Reilly, M., 'Locked In Time: East Jersey State Prison marks 100 years of changeing ? penal roles. March 26, 1996., August 17, 2004. Accessed August 6, 2007. JANSON, DONALD (October 18, 1975). The New York Times.

Retrieved February 10, 2017 – via www.nytimes.com. February 16, 2016. Retrieved February 13, 2017. Newton, Michael. Retrieved February 13, 2017., February 15, 2001.

Reilly, M., 100 years inside (and outside) the walls. The Star Ledger. March 26, 1996. ^ Raab, Selwyn., November 10, 1985.

Accessed November 11, 2007. Carter had received two consecutive life terms, or a minimum of 30 years. Judge Sarokin ordered him released from Rahway State Prison without bail on Friday.' International Boxing Hall of Fame. Retrieved July 31, 2016., 1973, retrieved 2018-01-04.

Inc, Nielsen Business Media (1973-07-07). Nielsen Business Media, Inc., 1973, retrieved 2018-01-04. All We Need Is Another Chance. Retrieved 2018-01-04. LUSTIG, JAY (January 5, 2015). Retrieved November 4, 2016.

Lynch, Colum (February 25, 1992). Retrieved November 4, 2016. February 25, 1992. Retrieved November 4, 2016. Stroud, Brandon (February 28, 2013). Retrieved March 23, 2017. April 9, 1979.

Retrieved November 4, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2016.External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to. Route 1/9 is the 31.01-mile long concurrency of US 1 and US 9 from their junction in, north to. The route is a multilane road, with some freeway portions, that runs through urbanized areas of northern adjacent to New York City. Throughout most of its length in New Jersey, the road runs near the New Jersey Turnpike/Interstate 95.

In, US 1/9 merges onto I-95 and crosses the on the, where the two U. Routes split a short distance into New York. US 1/9 intersects several major roads, including in Linden, Route 81 in Elizabeth, and US 22 in, Route 139 in, Route 3 and Route 495 in, US 46 in. Between Newark and Jersey City, US 1/9 runs along the. Trucks must use; the concurrency between US 1 and US 9 is referred to as '1 and 9'.

Some signage for the concurrency, as well as the truck route, combines the two roads into one shield, separated by a or an.The current alignment of US 1/9 south of Elizabeth was planned as pre-1927 Route 1 in 1916. Highway System was created in 1926, US 1 and US 9 were marked through northern New Jersey between on the current alignments of Route 27 and US 1/9 Truck. In 1927, pre-1927 Route 1 became Route 25, Route 1 and Route 6 were legislated along the current US 1/9 north of Jersey City. US 1/9 went to the on Route 25. After the Pulaski Skyway opened in 1932, US 1/9 and Route 25 were routed to use this road, which soon had a truck ban resulting in the creation of Route 25T. South of Newark, US 1/9 was moved from Route 27 to Route 25. In 1953, the state highways running concurrent with US 1/9 in New Jersey were removed.

In 1964, the approaches to the George Washington Bridge were upgraded into I-95. US 1 and US 9 begin their concurrency at a directional interchange in Woodbridge Township, Middlesex County. US 1 comes from the southwest, where it serves the city of and, while US 9 comes from the south, a short distance to the north of an interchange with the and the.The combined US 1/9 runs northeast through business areas as a six-lane divided highway, coming to a partial cloverleaf interchange with Route 35 a short distance after the merge. From this interchange, the road continues as a surface road with some jughandles, passing over New Jersey Transit’s. A short distance US 1/9 crosses into Rahway, where the road crosses the before intersecting CR 514 in the southbound direction; the highway turns more northeast.

In Linden, US 1/9 passes through a mix of industrial and business areas, crossing under a railroad line before passing between the and the former plant used by to the west. Following the intersection with CR 615, the road enters more urbanized areas of homes and businesses. After passing near a couple of cemeteries, the highway runs to the west of the before passing under another Conrail Shared Assets Operations railroad line.After this bridge, US 1/9 meets the western terminus of I-278 at a partial interchange with a northbound exit and southbound entrance from US 1/9. Past this interchange, US 1/9 continues into Elizabeth, where it intersects Route 439 at the, modified to allow US 1/9 to run straight through. At this point, US 1/9 splits from. From the Bayway Circle, the road turns more to the east before making a sharp turn to the north-northeast and crossing the on a, which ends at the intersection with Jersey Street; the road continues north through urban neighborhoods as, passing under another Conrail Shared Assets Operations line.

The highway reaches an intersection with CR 624, at which point US 1/9 turns into a freeway with a configuration, carrying two local lanes and two express lanes in each direction for a total of eight lanes; the freeway comes to an interchange with the northern terminus of Route 81 and it continues around the west side of.The US 1/9 freeway continues into, with several ramps providing access to the airport as well as to McClellan Street and Haynes Avenue. At the north end of the airport property, the road reaches the large, where it has connections to, US 22 westbound, Route 21 northbound. Within this interchange, US 1/9 first has ramps to I-78, US 22, Route 21 before turning east to parallel I-78 prior to having more connections to I-78 as well as to. Past the I-78 crossing, US 1/9 continues north, with the lanes splitting as it passes over the Conrail Shared Assets Operations before coming to a northbound exit and southbound entrance with and; the freeway continues through industrial areas as it comes to a southbound exit and northbound entrance for. Following this interchange, the directions of US 1/9 rejoin as the freeway continues northeast, with a Conrail Shared Assets Operations line running parallel to the northwest of the road.The local-express lane configuration of US 1/9 ends at an interchange with and that provides access to the New Jersey Turnpike (I.

Is a hybrid music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music, which arose in the and the in the mid-1960s. Folk rock emerged from the folk music revival and the influence that the Beatles and other bands had on members of that movement.

Performers such as and the Byrds—several of whose members had earlier played in folk ensembles—attempted to blend the sounds of rock with their preexisting folk repertoire, adopting the use of electric instrumentation and in a way discouraged in the U. Folk community. The term 'folk rock' was used in the U. Music press in June 1965 to describe the Byrds' music.

The commercial success of the Byrds' cover version of Dylan's ' and their debut album of the same name, along with Dylan's own recordings with rock instrumentation—on the albums, —encouraged other folk acts, such as Simon & Garfunkel, to use electric backing on their records and new groups, such as, to form.Dylan's controversial appearance at the on 25 July 1965, where he was backed by an electric band, was a pivotal moment in the development of the genre. During the late 1960s in Britain and, a distinct, eclectic style was created by,. Inspired by British and the North American style of folk rock, British folk rock bands began to incorporate elements of traditional British folk music into their repertoire, leading to other variants, including the overtly English folk rock of. In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term 'folk rock' refers to the blending of elements of folk music and rock music, which arose in the U. And UK in the mid-1960s. The genre was pioneered by the Byrds, who began playing traditional folk music and songs by Bob Dylan with rock instrumentation, in a style influenced by the Beatles and other British Invasion bands; the term 'folk rock' was coined by the U.S. Music press to describe the Byrds' music in June 1965, the month in which the band's debut album was issued.

Dylan contributed to the creation of the genre, with his recordings utilizing rock instrumentation on the albums Bringing It All Back Home, Highway 61 Revisited, Blonde on Blonde. In a broader sense, folk rock encompasses inspired musical genres and movements in different regions of the world.

Folk rock may lean more towards either folk or rock in instrumentation and vocal style, choice of material. While the original genre draws on music of, there is no clear delineation of which other culture's music might be included as influences; the term is not associated with blues-based rock music, music, Cajun-based rock music, nor music with non-European folk roots. There are some exceptions; the American folk-music revival began during the 1940s. In 1948, Seeger formed the Weavers, whose mainstream popularity set the stage for the folk revival of the 1950s and early 1960s and served to bridge the gap between folk, popular music, topical song.' Sound and repertoire of traditional folk material and topical songs directly inspired the, a three-piece folk group who came to prominence in 1958 with their hit recording of '. The Kingston Trio provided the template for a flood of 'collegiate folk' groups between 1958 and 1962. At the same time as these 'collegiate folk' vocal groups came to national prominence, a second group of urban folk revivalists, influenced by the music and picking styles of folk and artist such as, came to the fore.

Many of these urban revivalists were influenced by recordings of traditional American music from the 1920s and 1930s, reissued. While this urban folk revival flourished in many cities, with its burgeoning scene and population of topical folk singers, was regarded as the centre of the movement. Out of this fertile environment came such folk-protest luminaries as, Peter and Mary, many of whom would transition into performers as the 1960s progressed.The vast majority of the urban folk revivalists shared a disdain for the values of mainstream American mass culture and led many folk singers to begin composing their own 'protest' material.

The influence of this folk-protest movement would manifest itself in the sociopolitical lyrics and mildly sentiments of many folk rock songs, including hit singles such as ', ', ', '. During the 1950s and early 1960s in the UK, a parallel folk revival referred to as the, was led by folk singers. Both viewed British folk music as a vehicle for political concepts and an to the American-dominated popular music of the time. However, it wasn't until 1956 and the advent of the craze that the British folk revival crossed over into the mainstream and connected with British youth culture.

Skiffle renewed popularity of folk music forms in Britain and led directly to the movement and the attendant B. Branded as NJ Transit, is a state-owned public transportation system that serves the US state of, along with portions of New York State and Pennsylvania. It operates bus, light rail, commuter rail services throughout the state, connecting to major commercial and employment centers both within the state and in the adjacent major cities of New York. Covering a service area of 5,325 square miles, NJT is the largest statewide public transit system and the third-largest provider of bus and light rail transit by ridership in the.

NJT acts as a purchasing agency for many private operators in the state supplying buses to serve routes not served by the transit agency. NJT was founded on July 17, 1979, an offspring of the, mandated by the state government to address many then-pressing transportation problems, it came into being with the passage of the Act of 1979 to 'acquire and contract for transportation service in the public interest.' NJT acquired and managed a number of private bus services, one of the largest being those operated by the state's largest electric company,. It acquired most of the state's bus services. In northern New Jersey, many of the bus routes are arranged in a web. In southern New Jersey, most routes are arranged in a 'spoke-and-hub' fashion, with routes emanating from. In addition to routes run by NJT, it subsidizes and provides buses for most of the state's private operators providing fixed route or commuter service, such as, DeCamp and Academy.

In 1983, NJT assumed operation of all commuter rail service in New Jersey from, formed in 1976 through the merging of a number of financially troubled railroads and operated commuter railroad service under contract from the NJDOT, it now operates every commuter rail line in the state except for. Since inception, rail ridership has quadrupled. In the 1990s the rail system expanded, with new service to and new equipment.On October 21, 2001, it opened a new station at.

On December 15, 2003, it opened the transfer station, connecting two major portions of the system, allowing passengers on trains to to transfer to trains to, saving an estimated 15 minutes over connecting with PATH trains at. On October 31, 2005, NJT took over service from Amtrak. Four new trains cut back to Trenton. During in October 2012, the rail operations center of NJ Transit was flooded by 8 feet of water and an emergency generator submerged. Floodwater damaged 257 rail cars; the appoints a seven-member, four members from the general public and three State officials.

The Governor has power on decisions made by the board. NJT's operations are divided into three classes: bus and light rail, operated by three legal businesses: Operations, for buses and, NJ Transit Mercer, Inc. For buses around Trenton, Inc. For commuter rail.NJT operates 871 bus routes using the Newark Light Rail with 20 light rail vehicles. The bus fleet includes buses purchased for other New Jersey operators above the 2,477. NJT operates three light rail lines: – a 24-stop 20.6 miles multi-branch line along the from to, with a major stop at Hoboken Terminal, all in. The fleet consists of 52 electric light rail vehicles owned by NJT and operated under contract by 21st Century Rail.

Newark Light Rail – two segments serving and the surrounding area; the Newark City Subway has 12 stops, is 4.3 miles long, connecting to and Bloomfield. The Extension has five stops, is 1.0 mile long, connects Newark Penn Station to. The fleet consists of 21 Kinki Sharyo electric light rail vehicles owned and operated by the of NJT Bus Operations.

– a 21-stop 34 miles line from Trenton to Camden along the along the line owned by Conrail and CSX.The fleet consists of 20 diesel light rail vehicles owned by NJT and operated under contract. NJT has 11 commuter rail lines: Main Line, consisting of: Additional special event service is provided on the Meadowlands Rail Line. NJT operates over 100 diesel locomotives, of which 11 are supplied by as part of an operating agreement for the, 61 electric locomotives, it has over 650 cars, of which 65 are supplied by Metro-North, 230 electric.

The crime family is the youngest of the ' that dominates organized crime activities in, within the nationwide criminal organization known as the Mafia. It was during Lucky Luciano's organization of the after the, the assassinations of and, that the gang run by was recognized as the; the family traces its roots to a gang formed by Joseph Profaci in 1928. Profaci would rule his family without challenge until the late 1950s; the family has been torn by three internal wars.

The first war took place during the late 1950s when capo revolted against Profaci, but it lost momentum in the early 1960s when Gallo was arrested and Profaci died of cancer; the family was not reunited until the early 1960s under. In 1971, the second family war began after Gallo's release from the shooting of Colombo.Colombo supporters led by won the second war after the exiling of the remaining Gallo crew to the Genovese family in 1975. The family would enjoy over 15 years of peace under Persico and his string of acting bosses. In 1991, the third and bloodiest war erupted when acting boss tried to seize power from the imprisoned Carmine Persico; the family split into factions loyal to Orena and Persico, two years of mayhem ensued. It ended in 1993, with 12 family members dead and Orena imprisoned, leaving Persico the winner more or less by default, he was left with a family decimated by war. Persico continued to run the family until his death in 2019, but it has never recovered from the war. In the 2000s, the family was further crippled by multiple convictions in federal cases and numerous members becoming government witnesses.

Many levels of law enforcement believe that the Colombo crime family is the weakest of the Five Families of New York City. In September 1921, Joseph Profaci arrived in New York City from,.After struggling in with his businesses, Profaci moved back to in 1925 and became a well-known olive oil importer. On September 27, Profaci obtained his American citizenship. With his olive-oil-importing business doing well, Profaci made deals with friends from his old town in, one of his largest buyers was Tampa. Profaci controlled a small criminal gang that operated in Brooklyn; the dominant groups in Brooklyn were led by, Giuseppe Masseria,.

On July 1, 1928, Brooklyn mobster Frankie Yale was murdered by boss Al Capone's hit-men. Capone murdered Yale because Yale refused to give Capone, a, control over the fraternal association.

Yale's murder allowed Profaci and his brother in-law to gain territory for their small gang. Profaci's gang gained territory in, and while the rest of Yale's group went to the.On October 10, 1928, the, Salvatore 'Toto' D'Aquila, was murdered, resulting in a fight for D'Aquila's territory. To prevent a gang war in Brooklyn, a Mafia meeting was called on December 5, 1928, at the in; the site was chosen because it was neutral territory outside New York under control and protection.

The main topic was dividing D'Aquila's territory. Attendees representing Brooklyn included Profaci, Chicago mobsters Joseph Guinta and Pasquale Lolordo, Tampa mobster Ignazio Italiano.

Bob Dylan Greatest Hits 3

At the end of the meeting, Profaci received a share of D'Aqulia's Brooklyn territory, with Magliocco as his second-in-command. Months after the D'Aquila murder, began a campaign to become capo di tutti capi in the demanding tribute from the remaining three Mafia groups in which included the Reina family, the and the Profaci family. Castellammarese Clan boss began his own campaign to become'boss of bosses', this started the.Masseria along with his ally Alfred Manfredi, the new boss of the D'Aquila family ordered the murder of. Masseria believed that Reina was going to support Maranzano to become the new'boss of bosses'. On February 26, 1930, Gaetano Reina was murdered and Masseria appointed as the new boss of the Reina family.

Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits

During the war Profaci remained neutral; the Castellammarese War ended when, a Masseria lieutenant, betrayed him to Maranzano. Luciano set up the murder of Masseria on April 15, 1931. Maranzano became the new capo di tutti capi in the United States. Within a few months and Luciano were plotting to kill each other. On September 10, 1931, Luciano had Maranzano created the. Now there would be five independent Cosa Nostra families in New York City and twenty one additional families across the United States that were regulated by a supreme Commission in New York.

Profaci and Magliocco were confirmed as boss and of what was now known as the.had become a wealthy Mafia boss and was known as 'the olive-oil and king of America'. One of Profaci's most unpopular demands was a $25 monthly tribute from every soldier in his family. In the late 1950s, capo became a problem for Joe Profaci. Abbatemarco controlled a lucrative po. Is a 1974 crime film directed. The film is a fictionalized retelling of, a, gunned down on April 7, 1972, at a house in; the film stars in the title role, with,.

In, hot-tempered gangster Joe Gallo pulls a knife on a man in a theater who complains about Joe's talking during the movie. Joe enters a car with his brother Richie and cronies Jelly and Mannie, they pull guns and perform a mob assassination at a restaurant. Joe and Richie are offended when their boss Falco does not invite them into his home when they arrive for payment of their crime. Falco pays them just $100 each for the job, they crash through the gates of his stately lakeside mansion and take Falco's brother and others prisoner.

Don Vittorio, the head of all, settles the dispute. Falco agrees to reward Joe and Richie in the future, but he double-crosses them, his thugs nearly strangling Richie to death before burying Jelly in cement.Coletti, who betrayed Joe and Richie, takes over Falco's operations after the terminally ill Falco dies inside an iron lung. Richie is ill, suffering from a stomach ailment, his brother 'Crazy Joe' is set up, cops catching him red-handed. Joe is sent to prison, where he befriends Willy, a black inmate, helps Willy instigate a prison riot over the prison's unjust conditions.

Joe is glad to have a new ally with the terminally ill Richie committing suicide by driving a car off a cliff; as soon as Joe gets out of jail, he returns to New York and the woman in his life, Anne begins building his crime organization with the help of Willy and associates. 'Crazy Joe' becomes a notorious figure in New York, known for his temper but for his colorful associations around town. Joe vows to avenge the betrayal that landed him behind bars, but before he can, Don Vittorio beats him to it. Upset with an Italo-American federation Coletti has organized that attracted unwanted attention to the crime families, Don Vittorio arranges for Coletti to be assassinated at a rally and for Joe to be blamed.Anne pleads with Joe to leave town, an angry Willy needs to be convinced that Joe wasn't the one responsible for Coletti's murder. When he and Willy go to Don Vittorio's home to discuss the situation, Joe threatens the mob boss rather than believe his offer to work together. Vittorio puts out a contract on Joe, at a restaurant where he, Anne and Willy are having dinner, gunmen turn up and open fire, both men ending up dead. Peter Boyle as Joe Paula Prentiss as Anne Fred Williamson as Willy Eli Wallach as Don Vittorio Rip Torn as Richie as Coletti as Falco as Jelly as Mannie as Chick as as Magliocco as Frank as Angelo as Danny According to Variety, the screenplay for Crazy Joe was based on the articles on mafia wars by reporter.

Director Carlo Lizzani spoke about the reason he made the film was that it was a mirror image of a character, 'typical of the'68 movements.Gallo was a young who gathered the young against the old, just as it happened in in the name of Mao and in the rest of the world as well.' Lizzani went on that 'What's more - a thing in the Mafia - he made a pact with the, an interracial alliance!

Music Bob Dylan Greatest Hits

I could choose ten other different stories, I could do whatever I wanted and I had the money to do it, but for these reasons I chose to do, it was a that symbolized a season of our contemporary society.' Martin Scorsese was going to be Lizzani's assistant on the film while Lizzani's original choice for the role of Gallo was going to be, after seeing him in. Filming began on 25 June 1973 where the film was shot in; the film was shot in New York City. When it was released there, filed an against Crazy Joe claiming that the character of Coletti was based on which violated Colombo's 'right of privacy.' A judge ruled against the injunction.Crazy Joe was distributed theatrically in by on 8 February 1974.

The film grossed a total of 628,266,000 domestically. Italian film historian and critic Roberto Curti described the film a 'commercial failure' in Italy, noting grossed less than 'mediocre genre products such as Kidnap, despite a sturdy cast.'

The Italian credits of are incomplete and contrast with the American film credits. The Italian version credits Dino Mairui, and as the screenwriters while the American print credits only as the sole. There is no editor credited in the Italian version; the film opened in New York on 15 February 1974. Windows 7 ultimate activator by lord tidus download firefox.

It was distributed by in the; the Daily Variety reported that on same date, Barry Slotnick, a lawyer for Mafia member Joseph Colombo intended to file an injunction against Crazy Joe. This involved a claim that the character of Coletti was based on, which violated his 'right of privacy.' Colombo was comatose during this period after being shot in the head in June 1971. Daily Variety reported on 26 that a New York Supreme Court judge ruled against the injunction, as the film was not an invasion of Colombo's privacy. From a contemporary review, found that the film presented the 'ins and outs of Mafia family wars difficult to follow as pre-World War I Balkan politics, thou.

Hip hop or, is a culture and art movement that began in the Bronx in during the early 1970s. The origin of the word is disputed, it is argued as to whether hip hop started in the South. While the term hip hop is used to refer to hip hop music, hip hop is characterized by nine elements, of which only four elements are considered essential to understand hip hop musically; the main elements of hip hop consist of four main pillars. Of the hip hop collective outlined the pillars of hip hop culture, coining the terms: ', a rhythmic vocal rhyming style. Other elements of hip hop and arts movements beyond the main four are: hip hop culture and historical knowledge of the movement;, although debated, is considered either street knowledge, hip hop fashion,. Hip hop scene emerged in the mid-1970s from neighborhood block parties thrown by the, an group, described as being a gang, a club, a music group.Brother-sister duo Clive Campbell, aka DJ Cool Herc, additionally hosted DJ parties in the Bronx and are credited for the rise in the genre. Hip hop culture has spread to both urban and suburban communities throughout the and subsequently the world; these elements were adapted and developed particularly as the art forms spread to new continents and merged with local styles in the 1990s and subsequent decades.

As the movement continues to expand globally and explore myriad styles and art forms, including hip hop theater and hip hop film, the four foundational elements provide coherence and a strong foundation for Hip Hop culture. Hip hop is a new and old phenomenon. Sampling older culture and reusing it in a new context or a new format is called 'flipping' in hip hop culture.

Hip hop music follows in the footsteps of earlier African-American-rooted musical genres such as, and to become one of the most practiced genres worldwide. In 1990, Ronald 'Bee-Stinger' Savage, a former member of the Zulu Nation, is credited for coining the term 'Six elements of the ' by being inspired by recordings.The 'Six Elements Of The Hip Hop Movement' are: Consciousness Awareness, Awareness, Activism Awareness, Political Awareness, Community Awareness in music. Is known as the Son of The Hip Hop Movement. In the 2000s, with the rise of new media platforms and Web 2.0, fans discovered and downloaded or streamed hip hop music through social networking sites beginning with, as well as from websites like,.

Keith 'Cowboy' Wiggins, a member of, has been credited with coining the term in 1978 while teasing a friend who had just joined the by singing the made-up words 'hip/hop/hip/hop' in a way that mimicked the rhythmic of marching soldiers. Cowboy worked the 'hip hop' cadence into his stage performance; the group performed with disco artists who would refer to this new type of music by calling them 'hip hoppers.' The name was meant as a sign of disrespect but soon came to identify this new music and culture.The song ' by, released in 1979, begins with the phrase 'I said a hip, the the hippie to the hip hip hop, you don't stop'. — a Bronx DJ who put out a single called 'The Positive Life' in 1981 — and began using the term when referring to this new disco rap music. Bill, an independent consultant, once said, 'There was hardly a moment when rap music was underground, one of the first so-called rap records, was a monster hit.

Hip hop pioneer and community leader Afrika Bambaataa credits Love-bug Starski as the first to use the term 'hip hop' as it relates to the culture. Bambaataa, former leader of the Black Spades did much to further popularize the term; the words 'hip hop' first appeared in print on September 21, 1982, in in a profile of Bambaataa written by, who published the first comprehensive history of the culture with ' Press. In the 1970s, an underground urban movement known as 'hip hop' began to form in the Bronx, New York City.It focused on over neighborhood block party events, held outdoors. Hip hop music has been a powerful medium for protesting the impact of legal institutions on minorities police and prisons. Hip hop arose of a and ravaged South Bronx, as a form of expression of urban Black and youth, whom the public and political discourse had written off as marginalized communities. Jamaican-born DJ Clive ' Campbell pioneered the use of 'breaks' in hip hop music. Beginning at Herc's home in a apartment at 1520, the movement spread across the entire borough.

On August 11, 1973 DJ Kool Herc was the DJ at.